Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (rhGH), also known as somatropin, is a bioengineered protein that is identical in structure and function to the growth hormone naturally produced by the human pituitary gland. The "recombinant DNA origin" signifies that this form of growth hormone is produced using recombinant DNA technology, a process that involves inserting the human growth hormone gene into bacterial or mammalian cells, allowing these cells to produce the hormone in large quantities.
Growth hormone plays a crucial role in growth, cell repair, and metabolism. It stimulates growth in almost all tissues of the body, including bone and muscle. It also influences the way our bodies use food for energy, supports the regulation of muscle and fat distribution, and helps in maintaining proper fluid balance.
The use of rhGH in therapy is primarily aimed at treating growth hormone deficiencies in children and adults, leading to growth failure or short stature. It is also used in patients with Turner syndrome, chronic renal insufficiency, Prader-Willi syndrome, and in those who were born small for gestational age (SGA) and failed to catch up in growth by two to four years of age.
Additionally, rhGH has applications in adults who suffer from a severe growth hormone deficiency, either acquired in adulthood or continued from childhood. Adults with such deficiencies may experience a range of symptoms, including decreased muscle mass and energy, increased body fat, and poor bone density.
The administration of rhGH is typically through subcutaneous injection, and the dosage depends on the specific needs and conditions of the patient, as determined by a healthcare provider. Ongoing monitoring and adjustment of the dose are often required to ensure optimal outcomes and manage any side effects.
As a recombinant product, rhGH has been a significant advancement in endocrinology and medicine, offering a synthetic option that can replicate the natural effects of human growth hormone, providing essential treatment for those with deficiencies and other conditions necessitating its use.